Criminal Law

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Limits to Hockey Violence

Kevin “Killer” Kaminski’s recent concussion has revived much of the debate over violence in Canadian hockey. Interesting enough it is cases in hockey that have led to the test used in Canada for criminal causation…






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Absolute Liability & the Charter

Principles of Fundamental Justice The proof requirement for these offences is beyond a reasonable doubt, without any additional fault element. In R v. Pontes, the defendant was convicted of driving without a licence, without knowing…


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Types of Regulatory Offences

Types of Regulatory Offences Offences in the Criminal Code are outnumbered by the regulatory offences created by the three levels of government. This quasi-criminal law is concerned with the enforcement of regulatory schemes, and usuall…